Glossary

A

Accelerometer

Accelerometers with integrated charge amplifier electronics (IEPE) are particularly suitable for performing modal analyses.

Analog-to-digital converter (ADC)

The aliasing effect occurs due to a sampling rate that is too low and results in an incorrectly digitized signal.

Assessment of neuromuscular asymmetries by using vertical jump tests

As a global leader in dynamic measurement technology for measuring pressure, force, torque and acceleration, we support our customers in industry and science to improve their products and make their manufacturing processes more efficient.

Axle weighing system / axle load scale

Axle weighing systems designed on the basis of dynamic axle load scales measure the axle loads of vehicles when they drive over the sensors.

B

Big Test Data

What does the term Big Test Data mean? Learn more here…

Bridge protection

Bridge protection can be provided by traffic monitoring systems installed directly before or on bridges.

Buffeting test

As a global leader in dynamic measurement technology for measuring pressure, force, torque and acceleration, we support our customers in industry and science to improve their products and make their manufacturing processes more efficient.

C

Camber angle

Dynamic camber angle is measured relative to ground by means of a precise optical sensor system (DCA) from Kistler.

Cavity pressure

Cavity pressure in the injection molding process

Charge amplifiers

Charge amplifiers vary by measurement type, frequency range, number of measuring channels, measuring range and type of data use.

Cold junction compensation (CJC)

As a global leader in dynamic measurement technology for measuring pressure, force, torque and acceleration, we support our customers in industry and science to improve their products and make their manufacturing processes more efficient.

Cutting Force

High cutting forces occur during of chip formation, e.g. during a turning operation, as well as high forces and heat.

Cutting forces in turning operations

This graphic illustrates the orthogonal forces during turning, plus the vectoral sum force and the resultant force.

Cylinder pressure measurement

Cylinder pressure measurement inside the cylinder of a reciprocating piston combustion engine: the basis for cylinder pressure indication.

D

Degrees of protection according to ISO 20653 - Protection agianst water (IP6x)

'Application of cables and sensors with IP68 according to ISO 20653 is mandatory in humid environments or use under water.

Differential measurement technology

A measuring chain as an example of differential measurement technology: the signal to be transmitted is precise and distortion-free.

DTI (Digital Transducer Interface)

DTI is an advanced single-cable technology for the efficient use of complex measurement technology in automotive engineering.

E

Evaluation/analysis of measurement data in research and development

Kistler assists its customers with extensive all-round support and measuring solutions for universal use in demanding vehicle tests.

F

Filter (electronics)

With a low pass filter all frequencies above the cut-off-frequency are cut off.

Flutter test

As a global leader in dynamic measurement technology for measuring pressure, force, torque and acceleration, we support our customers in industry and science to improve their products and make their manufacturing processes more efficient.

Force limited vibration testing (FLVT)

For the FLV-test, numerous three-component force sensors are mounted on a base plate that is connected to the slip table.

Force plate

To record complex movement patterns, force plates are used in combination with video cameras or motion-capture systems.

Force sensors - force transducers

Force sensors and force transducers measure dynamic and quasistatic forces in industrial and laboratory applications.

Force-displacement measurement

As a global leader in dynamic measurement technology for measuring pressure, force, torque and acceleration, we support our customers in industry and science to improve their products and make their manufacturing processes more efficient.

G

Ground reaction force (GRF)

As a global leader in dynamic measurement technology for measuring pressure, force, torque and acceleration, we support our customers in industry and science to improve their products and make their manufacturing processes more efficient.

H

Hexapod system

Exact calibration of a force sensor with the help of a hexapod.

High temperature accelerometer

High temperature accelerometers allow for precise monitoring of pressure pulsations and fluctuations in rocket engines.

High temperature pressure sensor

Piezoelectric high temperature pressure sensors are capable of measuring pressures at temperatures of 700°C (1.300°F) and higher.

Highly insulating cables

The structure of a high-insulating cable consists in multiple layers of different, insulating materials.

I

IEPE (Integrated Electronics Piezo-Electric)

Integrated Electronics Piezo-Electric IEPE

Impulse force hammer

An impulse force hammer is a hammer equipped with a piezoelectric force sensor and serves to stimulate a structure that is to be examined.

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K

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L

Load cell

Piezoelectric load cells for measuring the applied force

M

Measurement data management

MaDaM is a measurement data management system that is one component of a complete tool chain covering the entire workflow

Measurement uncertainty

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Measuring cable installation

As a global leader in dynamic measurement technology for measuring pressure, force, torque and acceleration, we support our customers in industry and science to improve their products and make their manufacturing processes more efficient.

Measuring cutting forces in drilling operations

Cutting force measurement during a drilling operation, using a rotating dynamometer (RCD) from Kistler (9170A).

Measuring cutting forces in milling operations

Rotating dynamometers (RCD) to measure cutting forces directly on the cutting edge

Methods for measuring torque

Torque sensors guarantee precise definition of the power and friction values of drives, transmissions and pumps.

Modal analysis

The modal analyses of the mechanical structures of the Beluga XL were performed in as part of an extensive GVT by the DLR in Göttingen.

Mounting/installing an accelerometer

As a global leader in dynamic measurement technology for measuring pressure, force, torque and acceleration, we support our customers in industry and science to improve their products and make their manufacturing processes more efficient.

Multi-component force sensor

Multi-component force sensors measure dynamic forces and moments acting on aircraft wings in the wind tunnel.

N

NVH (noise, vibration, harshness)

NVH (noise, vibration, harshness) testing

O

Optical combustion analysis

With optical combustion analysis, the performance of engines can be significantly increased.

Optical measurement technology

As a global leader in dynamic measurement technology for measuring pressure, force, torque and acceleration, we support our customers in industry and science to improve their products and make their manufacturing processes more efficient.

Outgassing

Low-outgassing triaxial accelerometer 8763B with a low-outgassing cable from Kistler with TML < 1.00% and CVCM < 0.01%.

P

Piezo vs. Strain gauge

This animation illustrates what are the differences in mechanisms of piezoelectric sensors compared to strain gauge sensors.

Piezoelectric effect

Quartz crystals and the piezoelectric effect

Piezoelectric force sensor

As a global leader in dynamic measurement technology for measuring pressure, force, torque and acceleration, we support our customers in industry and science to improve their products and make their manufacturing processes more efficient.

Piezoelectric pressure sensor

The illustration of a piezoelectric pressure sensor shows how the pressure is transformed to a proportional electric charge.

Piezoelectric pressure sensor: charge (PE) vs. voltage (IEPE) output

The list outlines when to apply piezoelectric pressure sensors with charge (PE) or with voltage output (IEPE).

Piezoelectric pressure sensors with charge output (PE) for static pressure measurement

Piezoelectric pressure sensors with charge output (PE) display a drift during static pressure measurement.

Piezoelectric sensors for dynamic pressure measurement

Graph shows how piezoelectric sensors perform during long-term dynamic pressure measurement of smallest pressure pulsations.

Piezoresistive effect

Silicon chip with four resistors; pressure distribution on a silicon semiconductor.

Piezoresistive pressure sensor

Piezoresistive pressure sensor based on silicon chip: a silicon chip senses the pressure via a membrane and silicone oil.

PiezoStar Crystal

PiezoStar crystals: they are used in sensors for measuring smallest forces and perform measurements at higher temperatures.

Powertrain

A powertrain is a complex system consisting of various components that are optimized and coordinated with one another using measurement technology.

Pressure sensor calibration

As a global leader in dynamic measurement technology for measuring pressure, force, torque and acceleration, we support our customers in industry and science to improve their products and make their manufacturing processes more efficient.

Q

Quasi-static vs dynamic measurement type

As a global leader in dynamic measurement technology for measuring pressure, force, torque and acceleration, we support our customers in industry and science to improve their products and make their manufacturing processes more efficient.

R

Range Capacitor

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Road safety

Traffic monitoring systems help increase road safety through selective or continuous monitoring.

S

Sampling rate and aliasing effect

The aliasing effect occurs due to a sampling rate that is too low and results in an incorrectly digitized signal.

Sensor calibration

In the accredited calibration laboratory: a precision calibrator is used to calibrate a charge amplifier.

Servo presses

Servo presses in operation: thanks to their high energy efficiency, these electromechanical joining systems help to protect the climate.

Signal conditioning

'Charge amplifiers like the Kistler LabAmp enable signal conditioning for piezoelectric sensors.

Signal processing

'Data acquisition systems and analysis software like KiDAQ and jBEAM from Kistler offer many options for signal processing.

Strain gauge

Strain gauges: the electrical resistance changes proportionally to the strain exerted on it when stretched or compressed.

Strain gauge force sensors

Strain gauge force sensors measure applied static and quasistatic tensile and compression forces.

T

TEDS - Transducer Electronic Data Sheet

'Sensors with integrated TEDS (Transducer Electronic Data Sheet) facilitate signal conditioning combined with DAQ systems.

Testing electric motors

Test benches for electric motors are used in research and development, for quality assurance, auditing and in production.

Time Constant

The article explains the effect of the time constant on the measurement signal in quasi-static or dynamic measurements. (119)

Time Constant Resistor

The graphic displays shows the time constant resistor integrated into the circuit diagram of a charge amplifier.

Traffic monitoring system

As a global leader in dynamic measurement technology for measuring pressure, force, torque and acceleration, we support our customers in industry and science to improve their products and make their manufacturing processes more efficient.

Triboelectric effect

As a global leader in dynamic measurement technology for measuring pressure, force, torque and acceleration, we support our customers in industry and science to improve their products and make their manufacturing processes more efficient.

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W

Wheel force transducer

Custom-made wheel force transducers for performing load measurements to support vehicle development.

Wheel torque transducer

Application of wheel torque transducers during an air drag measurement on a heavy truck equipped with measurement technology.

WIM

Weigh In Motion (WIM) System: Quartz sensor installed on the level of the pavement surface

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Y

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Z

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others

3D force plate

3D force plates for movement analysis in sports help to improve the performance of athletes and to avoid injuries.